Quantum Computing

Computation using quantum-mechanical systems (qubits) instead of classical transistors. Semiconductor-related quantum computing R&D involves creating qubits from devices like superconducting Josephson junctions, trapped ions, or semiconductor quantum dots (electron spins). Quantum chips require extreme operating conditions (millikelvin temperatures for many designs) and are in early-stage development, but they promise exponential speed-ups for certain problems if large-scale, error-corrected quantum processors can be built.

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